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Czechoslovakia

    The Story of Josef Menšík, the Last Owner and Knight of Strakonicku Castle in Dobrš

    This is Josef Menšík, the last owner and knight of Strakonicku castle in Dobrš who tried to stop a convoy of German tanks while wearing a suit of armor and seated on a horse when they tried to cross into Czechoslovakia in 1938. Born in 1870 in the Bohemian Forest, Menšík developed a fascination with history from a young age. In 1911, he purchased the crumbling Dobrš Castle and dedicated his life to restoring it. He rejected modern conveniences, living without electricity, and filled the fortress with medieval artifacts, many of which he smuggled from abroad. For decades, Menšík lived as a self-styled knight. Locals often saw him riding his horse in full armor, teaching history to anyone willing to listen. His castle became a place for schoolchildren to visit and learn about the Middle Ages while seeing his amazing collection of relics. In 1938, as German forces were about to invade Czechoslovakia, Menšík’s beliefs were tested. Following the Munich Agreement, Nazi tanks began crossing into the Sudetenland. Most citizens could do little but watch in despair as their country was occupied. Menšík refused to stay passive. When he heard that German forces were coming near Bučina, he put on his armor, got on his horse, and rode out to block the road. Armed with a sword and halberd, he positioned himself directly in the path of the advancing tanks. The German soldiers were stunned by the surreal sight. Some hesitated, unsure of how to respond, while others laughed or gestured dismissively, believing Menšík to be mad. Eventually, the tanks moved forward, forcing him aside, but his act of defiance, though it didn’t stop the occupation, inspired many. Josef Menšík lived to see the end of the war but passed away in 1945 at the age of 75. He became a local legend, remembered as a man who stood by his principles and dared to face an invader.

    One Generation Back for $27 Plus an Eight Week Wait

    Researching the Yurko family, an in-law line on my hubby's family tree, I wanted to discover the names of the parents of Joseph John Yurko (1873-1954), born on this day 152 years ago. Believe the death cert? According to Joseph's death cert, his father was John Yurko and his mother's name was unknown. Indeed, in Joseph's generation and later generations, the names of Joseph Yurko and John Yurko appear more than once. Clearly these were beloved family names. However, the informant on the death cert was John's youngest daughter, Mary L. Yurko (1916-2001), I doubted her ability to remember her grandparents' names. Why? Mary was born 17 years after her own parents left their homeland to come to America. She was 37 when her father died. Although she may have heard her Yurko grandparents' names as she grew up, Mary probably never met those relatives, and I imagine the stress of her father's death impeded her ability to recall the names clearly.  I didn't feel confident that Mary's memory was correct...which led me to shift my research in another direction. Where would I find Joseph saying the names of his parents? Social Security application = first-hand info Joseph applied for a Social Security card in 1937. The application form asks for birth place/place, current residential address, names of parents, and employer, among other details. This is first-hand info supplied by the applicant.  In the past, I've had great success getting a generation back when I paid to receive a copy of the SS-5 (Social Security) application for other ancestors. IMHO, the information is valuable enough to invest in obtaining it for certain ancestors of interest. As shown in image at top of this blog post, we can order either the SS-5, which costs $27 at the moment, or a Numident, which is an extract of the info on the application. ALWAYS spend the extra buck or two for the SS-5 because we should see with our own eyes what the applicant wrote on the form! Forget the Numident ? Eight weeks later, info arrives Late in February, I made a Freedom of Information Act request for Joseph John Yurko's SS-5. I had to supply information to help the government ascertain that it was giving me the correct person's form. And of course I had to pay. Note that there are restrictions on such requests, such as how long the person has been dead. In my case, because Joseph was born in 1873 and died in 1954, there were no impediments to obtaining his SS-5. After eight weeks, I received an email containing the image shown above. Just looking at the form, I think Joseph verbally gave the info and was shown where to sign his name. The info confirms what I believed were his date of birth and birth place, also showing that he worked for the WPA (as shown in the 1940 US Census), and confirming his long-time home address, a house in Cleveland that has since been torn down. I was delighted to see the names of Joseph's parents. His father was NOT John but was Andrew Yurko. And now I also know his mother's full name for the first time. Joseph and his wife presumably named their older daughter Anna, after Joseph's mother. For me, all these details were worth the investment of $27. By the way, Joseph and his wife Mary Gavalek (1879-1943) were married in 1896 in their hometown of Hazlin, according to his naturalization papers. Joseph and Mary had no sons named Andrew that I've found (still looking in their hometown) and no grandsons named Andrew either. Hmm.  Paying for a record I decided to pay for this record because it provided info that was furnished by the applicant, even though he didn't actually write anything but his signature. Having exhausted other avenues of research, I felt it would be worth my while to see this document and all the details on it.  Not every ancestor in my ever-expanding family tree is worth an investment of $27, but I decided that the SS-5 was the only way I would learn about this ancestor's parents and be confident that the info was accurate because it came from the man himself. Plus I would see the actual image, not an extract or transcript, which is of great value.

    One of a Kind Prototype vz.38 Pistol in .32ACP

    When CZ developed the vz.38 pistol for the Czechoslovak military, they made a number of attempts to also sell it on the international export market. This involved offering some various changes in configuration for different clients – in this case, scaling it down from .380ACP to .32 ACP. It also has a manual safety, another feature absent on the domestic military model but included in export variants. This example is the only known one produced in .32 caliber, and it has the serial number 100001. Many thanks to the VHU – the Czech Military History Institute – for giving me access to this unique prototype to film for you. The Army Museum Žižkov is a part of the Institute, and they have a 3-story museum full of cool exhibits open to the public in Prague.If you have a chance to visit, it’s definitely worth the time! You can find all of their details (including their aviation and armor museums) here: https://www.vhu.cz/en/english-summary/ The post One of a Kind Prototype vz.38 Pistol in .32ACP first appeared on Forgotten Weapons.

    Exploring Czechoslovakia in 1990 Through Fascinating Photos

    In 1990, the streets of Czechoslovakia were alive with a mix of optimism, change, and tension. In cities like Prague, crowds gathered in public spaces, reflecting the newfound freedom after the fall of the communist regime. The streets were filled with people of all ages, celebrating the end of censorship and state control, while also confronting the challenges of transitioning to a democratic society. Soviet-era monuments stood alongside new billboards promoting capitalist ideals, and the first McDonald’s had just opened in Prague. People were wearing a mix of old, utilitarian clothing and more Western-style fashions, symbolizing the shift towards a more open society. Street vendors sold both traditional items and new consumer goods, and the air was filled with a sense of hope, uncertainty, and the possibility of change. These fascinating photos were taken by Wilford Peloquin that show street scenes in Czechoslovakia in August 1990. Cheb, Czechoslovakia, August 1990 Cheb, Czechoslovakia, August 1990 Brno, Czechoslovakia, August 1990 Brno, Czechoslovakia, August 1990 Cesky Krumlov, Czechoslovakia, August 1990 See more »

    Shy little bird in the rib cage.

    “Three forces carved the landscape of my life. Two of them crushed half the world. The third was very small and weak and, actually, invisible. It was a shy little bird hidden in my rib cage an inch or two above my stomach. Sometimes in the most unexpected moments the bird would wake up, lift its head, and flutter its wings in rapture. Then I too would lift my head because, for that short moment, I would know for certain that love and hope are infinitely more powerful than hate and fury, and that somewhere beyond the line of my horizon there was life indestructible, always triumphant. “The first force was Adolf Hitler; the second, Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin. They made my life a microcosm in which the history of a small country in the heart of Europe was condensed. The little bird, the third force, kept me alive to tell the story.” Those are the first two paragraphs of the book Under a Cruel Star: A Life in Prague 1941-1968 by Heda Margolius Kovály, which I read last year. What a survivor that “little bird” helped the author and heroine to be, again and again; her story is gripping and intriguing in every way, and I highly recommend it. She survived Auschwitz, and near the end of the war managed to escape. She ran to her friends in Prague, but none of them dared take her in. The remainder of her story is very suspenseful, and demonstrates the strength of will and hope that continued to uphold her through the suffering and loss under Communist rule. An interview with Heda was recorded in 1980 for “Voices from the Holocaust,” which you can listen to here: Heda Kovály. The outline of her life is laid out in a transcript and episode notes. They are a good supplement to her book, but I’m very glad I learned her story first from her earlier, very personal telling of it. Not long after reading Under a Cruel Star, I came across the poem below, which speaks of a place such as Heda’s little bird occupied — this hidden place from which help comes in the form of a song. LACK OF FAITH Yes, even when I don’t believe— there is a place in me inaccessible to unbelief, a patch of wild grace, a stubborn preserve, impenetrable, pain untouched by the sleeping body, music that builds its nest in silence.” ― Anna Kamieńska, Astonishments: Selected Poems

    Czechoslovakia’s Military Strength Before the German Invasion

    In the late 1930s, Czechoslovakia possessed one of the most formidable military forces in Central Europe. As tensions mounted with Nazi Germany following Adolf Hitler’s rise to power and the territorial demands on the Sudetenland, Czechoslovakia prepared for potential conflict. Despite these efforts, the country ultimately faced diplomatic isolation and political pressure, culminating in its occupation by Germany in March 1939. This article explores the size and strength of the Czechoslovak military on the eve of the German invasion and assesses the chances it had if it had chosen to resist. Czechoslovak Military Strength in 1938 Manpower and Organization Total Armed Forces: Approximately 1.5 million personnel mobilized during the 1938 Munich Crisis. Active Duty Soldiers: Around 200,000 before mobilization. Structure: The military was composed of infantry, armored units, artillery divisions, and a capable air force. Reserves: Well-trained and rapidly mobilized reserve forces supported active units. Equipment and Armament Small Arms: Standard-issue rifles included the vz. 24 Mauser, known for reliability and accuracy. Artillery: Modern field and mountain artillery pieces were produced domestically by companies like Škoda Works. Tanks: LT vz. 35 Tanks: Approximately 298 units, well-armored and effective for their time. LT vz. 38 Tanks: In production, later used extensively by the German Wehrmacht after occupation. Aircraft: Around 1,500 aircraft in service, including the Avia B-534 biplane fighter and Letov Š-328 reconnaissance planes. The air force was modern but lagged behind the Luftwaffe’s latest aircraft in speed and firepower. Defensive Preparations Fortifications: A significant defensive line, known as the Czechoslovak Border Fortifications, was constructed along the German border, inspired by France’s Maginot Line. Geographical Advantage: The mountainous terrain of the Sudetenland provided natural defensive benefits. Industrial Base: Czechoslovakia’s advanced arms industry ensured a steady supply of military hardware. Diplomatic Context and the Munich Agreement Czechoslovakia’s military preparedness was undermined by diplomatic isolation. Despite alliances with France and the Soviet Union, the Western powers sought to avoid war with Germany. September 30, 1938: The Munich Agreement, signed by Germany, Italy, Britain, and France (without Czechoslovakia’s involvement), ceded the Sudetenland to Germany. With the loss of its border defenses and industrial areas, Czechoslovakia’s ability to resist was critically weakened. Chances of Successful Resistance Factors in Czechoslovakia’s Favor: Strong Defenses: Well-prepared fortifications and mountainous terrain could have prolonged resistance. Modern Equipment: Tanks and artillery matched or surpassed German equipment in certain categories. Motivated Troops: The military and civilian population were prepared to defend their country. Challenges and Disadvantages: German Military Superiority: Germany’s larger, better-coordinated forces, particularly the Luftwaffe, provided a significant advantage. Diplomatic Isolation: Without British or French support, Czechoslovakia stood alone against Germany. Internal Vulnerabilities: German-speaking Sudetenland residents, influenced by Nazi propaganda, undermined national unity. Potential for Rapid German Blitzkrieg: Germany’s use of fast-moving armored and air units could have overwhelmed static defenses. Hypothetical Outcome of Resistance: While Czechoslovakia could have inflicted significant casualties on German forces and held out for weeks or months, the long-term prospects were bleak without external support. Prolonged resistance might have altered diplomatic calculations but likely would not have prevented eventual occupation. Conclusion On the eve of the German invasion, Czechoslovakia boasted a modern, well-equipped military and robust defensive preparations. Militarily, the country had the potential to mount a formidable defense, particularly in the rugged terrain of the Sudetenland. However, diplomatic betrayal through the Munich Agreement, combined with Germany’s overwhelming military superiority and internal political vulnerabilities, left Czechoslovakia with little chance of long-term success. Choosing to fight might have demonstrated national resolve and disrupted German plans, but without Allied intervention, Czechoslovakia’s prospects for victory or sustained resistance were minimal. The post Czechoslovakia’s Military Strength Before the German Invasion appeared first on Stephen J Bedard.

    Three Wishes for Cinderella (1973)

    Directed by: Václav Vorlícek Stars: Libuse Safránková, Pavel Trávnícek, Carola Braunbock Language: Czech | Subtitles: English (embed) Country: Czechoslovakia | Imdb Info | Ar: 1.370 | Brrip Also known as: Tri orísky pro Popelku Description: Life changes dramatically for a Czech housemaid when the family coachman gives her three magical hazelnuts. Preview 2.16GB | 87:55mins | 1480×1080 | mkv https://tezfiles.com/file/6246cb893e094/Three.Wishes.for.Cinderella.1973.mkv     ====bluray extras==== 2024 appreciation by film historian Michael Brooke 422MB | 37:28mins | 1280×720 | mkv | Czech | Sub: English https://tezfiles.com/file/7d72954d5b86f/Twfc.Michael.Brooke.mkv   Popelka” 1929 silent adaptation | imdb 1.39GB | 46:43mins | 1920×1080 | mkv | Czech | Sub: English https://tezfiles.com/file/3e76ad9542b4a/Popelka.1929.mkv   St?eví?ek” 1937 animated film | imdb 159MB | 5:13mins | 1220×1080 | mkv | Czech | Sub: English https://tezfiles.com/file/273513aa52cd3/Strevicek.1937.mkv

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